Car Loans Online :: Articles

How to Budget for Your Dream Car: Tips for Smart Financing

How to Budget for Your Dream Car: Tips for Smart Financing

How to Budget for Your Dream Car: Tips for Smart Financing
The anticipation of buying your dream car can be both exhilarating and daunting. It's a milestone that signifies personal success, a reward for hard work, and the freedom to explore the open road in a car that you truly adore. However, acquiring that dream vehicle is not merely about making a wish and waiting for it to come true; it requires smart financial planning and strategic decision-making.

The purpose of this article is to provide you with a comprehensive guide on budgeting for your dream car and securing the right financing to make it a reality. Whether it's the sleek design, roaring engines, or state-of-the-art features that captivate you, we understand the importance of attaining that dream without compromising your financial health.

In the course of this article, we will walk through several important steps to achieve smart financing for your car purchase. From understanding your budget and exploring different financing options to negotiating with car dealers and managing payment plans, we'll equip you with the necessary tools to procure that set of keys with confidence. So let's buckle up and embark on this exciting journey to financial savvy and the ultimate driving pleasure!

Understanding the Total Cost of Ownership

Purchasing your dream car extends beyond the initial sticker price—a concept known as the total cost of ownership (TCO). TCO is the cumulative sum of all expenses associated with buying and operating your vehicle over its lifetime.

One of the crucial TCO components is car insurance, which can vary based on factors like the car make, your driving history, and coverage type. Another cost to consider is vehicle registration, which is mandated by law and differs from region to region. Additionally, regular maintenance must be factored in to keep your car running optimally. This includes oil changes, tire rotations, and other scheduled services that maintain warranty and performance.

Fuel consumption is another significant recurring cost. It's important to assess the fuel efficiency of your dream car and estimate the ongoing expense, especially if you plan to drive frequently or over long distances. The efficiency of hybrid or electric vehicles may offer long-term savings, despite a possibly higher upfront cost.

Finally, car depreciation is an often-overlooked but important aspect of TCO. A new car loses value the moment it leaves the dealership, and this depreciation continues over time. Considering this natural value decrease is crucial, especially if you intend to sell the vehicle in the future.

Setting Your Car Buying Budget

Defining a realistic budget is the cornerstone of smart financing when it comes to purchasing your dream car. It's essential to consider your income, fixed expenses, and discretionary spending in order to determine how much you can actually afford to allocate toward car ownership. A thorough assessment of your current financial situation will provide a clear understanding of your budgetary constraints and prevent overextending yourself.

An effective guideline to help manage your car buying budget is the 20/4/10 rule. This rule suggests that you should make a down payment of at least 20% of the purchase price, finance the car for no more than 4 years, and keep total car expenses— including loan payments, insurance, and fuel— under 10% of your gross monthly income. Following this rule can help balance affordability with the satisfaction of driving your dream car.

The importance of keeping the financing term as short as possible cannot be overemphasized. Though longer loan terms can reduce monthly payments, they also result in higher interest costs over the life of the loan. A shorter loan period may mean higher monthly outlays, but it will also contribute to a quicker buildup of equity in the vehicle and less interest paid overall, bringing you one step closer to financial freedom and full ownership of your dream car.

Saving for Your Dream Car

Putting money aside for a down payment on your dream car is more than just a financial hurdle; it's a strategic move that can greatly enhance the terms of your car loan and reduce the overall interest you will pay. A sizable down payment decreases the loan-to-value ratio, potentially securing you a lower interest rate and more favorable loan conditions. It's a step towards responsible borrowing that underscores the seriousness of your investment.

Beyond its impact on loan terms, saving for a down payment can also be a litmus test for your budgeting prowess. It demonstrates your ability to manage money and commit to a long-term goal. To streamline this saving process, consider setting up a dedicated savings account or fund specifically for your car purchase. This separation from your main bank account helps to avoid the temptation of dipping into these funds for everyday expenses and keeps your goal in clear view.

Accelerating your savings requires a twofold approach: cutting back on expenses and finding ways to increase your income. Begin by analyzing your current spending habits and identifying areas where you can reasonably cut back. Simple adjustments, such as dining out less often or canceling underused subscriptions, can quickly add up. On the income side, picking up a side job, selling unused items, or leveraging a hobby for profit can provide a boost to your car fund. Remember, every bit saved is a step closer to turning the key in the ignition of your dream ride.

Exploring Car Loan Options

Securing the right car financing is akin to finding the perfect-fit puzzle piece—it requires careful consideration to complete the picture of your dream car purchase. In Australia, potential car buyers are presented with a variety of car loan options, each carrying its distinct advantages and drawbacks. Understanding these differences is critical to selecting the loan that aligns with your financial needs and goals.

Overview of Different Types of Car Loans Available in Australia

Typically, car loans in Australia can be narrowed down to secured loans, where the car serves as collateral, and unsecured loans, which do not require an asset for security. Secured loans often come with lower interest rates due to the reduced risk for the lender. On the other hand, unsecured loans afford more flexibility but come at the cost of higher interest rates.

In addition to these, there are also fixed-rate loans, which maintain a constant interest rate over the term of the loan, and variable-rate loans, where the interest can fluctuate with the market. Both have their merits, with fixed-rate loans providing predictability in repayments, while variable-rate loans could potentially save money should interest rates drop.

Pros and Cons of Dealership Financing vs Bank Loans

Dealership financing can offer convenience and potential promotions, such as reduced rates or cashback offers, which can be attractive at first glance. However, it's crucial to read the fine print, as these deals may come attached with unfavorable terms, like higher interest rates after an initial period. In contrast, bank loans may provide more competitive interest rates and transparent terms, although they lack the immediacy and potential discounts that dealership financing might promise.

Understanding the long-term implications of both dealership financing and bank loans will serve you well in determining which works best for your financial situation.

How to Shop for the Best Car Loan Rates and Terms

Shopping for the best car loan rates requires due diligence. Start by researching and comparing offers from a range of lenders, including banks, credit unions, and online finance companies. Check for the Annual Percentage Rate (APR) which gives a clearer picture of the loan's cost, considering both the interest rate and any fees involved.

It's also wise to obtain pre-approval for a loan before car shopping. This not only provides a realistic budget but also strengthens your negotiating position. With pre-approval, you can better resist high-pressure sales tactics and focus on discussing the price of the car rather than the terms of financing.

Last but not least, don't shy away from negotiating with lenders. Rates and terms are not set in stone—and with a good credit history and negotiation skills, you may snag a deal that minimizes costs on your journey to owning your dream car.

Credit Score and Car Loans

Your credit score plays a pivotal role in the car financing process, influencing not only your ability to secure a loan but also the terms and interest rates offered to you. Lenders use your credit score as a measure of your creditworthiness; essentially, it represents your history of repaying debts and your likelihood to meet financial obligations. A higher credit score may unlock lower interest rates and more favorable loan terms, while a lower score could lead to higher rates and stricter loan conditions.

Understanding this relationship between credit scores and loan options is critical for prospective car buyers. It can profoundly impact the total cost of your vehicle, potentially saving or costing you thousands over the life of your loan. Therefore, being aware of your credit score and its impact is an essential step in the car financing journey.

Tips for Improving Credit Score Before Applying for a Car Loan

Improving your credit score before applying for a car loan can have significant benefits. Start by obtaining a copy of your credit report and reviewing it for any errors or discrepancies. Disputing inaccuracies and ensuring your report reflects your credit history accurately is a key first step.

Next, focus on paying down existing debt, particularly high-interest credit card balances. Reducing your overall debt can improve your credit utilization ratio—a major factor in credit scoring. Make it a habit to pay bills on time, as a history of timely payments contributes positively to your credit score. Additionally, avoid opening new credit accounts or taking on additional debt before applying for a car loan, as this can temporarily lower your score.

Although building or improving credit takes time, even small increases in your score can enhance your loan terms and save you money in the long run.

Understanding Pre-Approval and Why It May Be Beneficial

Obtaining pre-approval for a car loan is an advantageous step when planning to purchase your dream car. Pre-approval involves a lender evaluating your creditworthiness and providing a conditional agreement to lend a specified amount under certain terms before you even visit the dealership.

Not only does pre-approval give you an accurate understanding of what you can afford, but it also puts you in a stronger position when negotiating the purchase price. With pre-approved financing, you can shop for a car like a cash buyer, focusing on the best deal for the car itself rather than the financing package offered by the dealer.

Furthermore, pre-approval can expedite the buying process since much of the financial groundwork has been laid in advance. However, be mindful of the pre-approval expiry date and any terms that may affect your car-buying timeframe.

Navigating Car Loan Applications

Applying for a car loan is a process that requires you to present a suite of documents to prove both your identity and financial stability. Typically, lenders will ask for personal identification documents such as a driver's license or passport. Proof of income is also crucial; this can come in the form of recent payslips or tax returns. If you're self-employed, you might need to provide additional financial statements or notices of assessment.

Lenders may also require details of your current financial obligations, including any other loans, credit card debts, or regular bills. Proof of residence, like a utility bill or lease agreement, and details of the vehicle you intend to purchase also form part of the standard paperwork for a car loan application. Make sure you have these documents in order and updated to facilitate a smoother application process.

How to Fill Out a Car Loan Application Accurately and Efficiently

Filling out a car loan application thoroughly and precisely is fundamental to prevent any delays or issues with your car loan approval. Begin with your personal details, ensuring all information is accurate and matches the documentation you will provide. As you proceed, meticulously record your financial data—the accuracy here is critically important to assess your loan suitability and terms. It's beneficial to double-check all fields before submission to avoid any potential holdups due to corrections or clarifications needed.

If the application process feels daunting or if there are fields you're uncertain about, don't hesitate to consult with the lender or a financial advisor. They can offer insights and advice to help you complete the application correctly.

Avoiding Common Mistakes During the Application Process

Avoiding common pitfalls during the car loan application process can save you time and prevent unnecessary stress. A frequent mistake is underreporting income or not disclosing all liabilities, which can lead to an incomplete assessment of your ability to service the loan. It's also a misstep to apply for more than you reasonably need or can afford, as this could result in a negative outcome.

Another overlooked error is not reading the terms and conditions of the loan agreement carefully. It is essential to understand your obligations, the loan structure, and any fees or charges that could apply. Taking the time to consider the contract details can ensure that you are not caught off guard by any aspect of your car loan.

Lastly, many applicants forget to consider the timelines involved in the approval process. Allow ample time for lenders to process your application, especially if you have a specific car or deal in mind. Rushing through the application or expecting instant approval can lead to missed opportunities or rushed decisions.

Smart Financing Strategies

Selecting the right loan term is a delicate balance between monthly affordability and the total interest paid over the life of the loan. A shorter loan term usually implies higher monthly payments but saves money in the long run by reducing the amount of interest. Conversely, a longer loan term may ease the monthly financial burden, but it can significantly increase the total amount of interest paid, making your dream car more expensive over time.

The choice between a short and long loan term thus hinges on your current financial situation and future expectations. It might be tempting to opt for a lower monthly payment, but if you can manage the higher payments of a shorter loan term, you'll benefit from paying off the car sooner and saving on interest. It’s crucial to consider not just the immediate impact on your budget, but also your long-term financial health.

Benefits of Making More Frequent Repayments or Extra Payments

Making more frequent repayments or adding extra payments to your loan can have a profound effect on the total interest cost and the loan term. By increasing the frequency of repayments from monthly to fortnightly, or even weekly, you effectively pay more off the principal amount sooner, which reduces the overall interest. Additionally, any extra payments made will go directly towards reducing the principal, which not only shortens the loan term but also lowers the cumulative interest.

This strategy requires discipline and a close examination of your finances to ensure it’s sustainable. However, the financial benefits of paying off your loan faster can be substantial, giving you full ownership of your dream car in less time and with less financial strain in the long run.

Understanding Balloon Payments and Whether They're Suitable for Your Situation

A balloon payment is a lump sum owed to the lender at the end of a loan’s term. This can make your regular payments lower, but it means you will have to pay a larger amount at the end of your financing period. Opting for a balloon payment can be beneficial if you anticipate a greater cash flow in the future or plan to trade in the vehicle before the loan term ends, allowing the sale to cover the payment.

However, it's essential to carefully assess your financial stability and predictability before committing to a balloon payment structure. If there's any uncertainty about your ability to settle the sizable final payment, it could put you in a financially precarious position. Additionally, the interest on the remaining principal may add to the costs over the term of the loan, which could undermine the benefits of lower monthly repayments.

In conclusion, when considering a balloon payment, you should weigh the short-term cash flow advantage against the potential financial burden at the end of the loan. It's often a matter of balancing your current financial situation with your long-term financial goals and security.

Protecting Your Investment

When you finance your dream car, it's not just a purchase—it's an investment that you must protect. Comprehensive car insurance safeguards you against the financial ramifications of accidents, theft, and other unforeseen events. It's a crucial layer of security for both you and the lender, as it ensures the financed asset is covered. This coverage is typically required by financiers to secure the loan, reflecting the vehicle's value throughout the term of your finance agreement.

Without comprehensive insurance, any damage to your car could lead to significant out-of-pocket expenses, potentially jeopardizing your financial commitment and placing undue strain on your budget. More than being a responsible choice, obtaining proper insurance is a strategic financial decision that secures your investment in the long haul.

Considering Additional Coverages like GAP Insurance and Extended Warranties

Additional coverages, such as Guaranteed Asset Protection (GAP) insurance and extended warranties, can offer added peace of mind. GAP insurance is especially relevant if your car is written off or stolen—it covers the difference between the insurance payout and the remaining balance on your loan, which can be substantial in the early years due to depreciation.

On the other hand, extended warranties can protect against unexpected repair costs after the manufacturer's warranty expires. This extra coverage ensures that mechanical failures or electrical issues don't derail your budget or diminish your enjoyment of the vehicle. While these coverages do involve extra costs, they can be valuable investments to prevent future financial burdens.

Maintaining Your Car to Preserve Its Value

Regular maintenance is essential not just for the reliability and safety of your vehicle but also for preserving its resale value—important for future trade-in or sale. Adhering to the manufacturer's service schedule can prevent minor issues from becoming major expenses and help retain the car's market worth, ensuring you get the best return on your investment when it's time for an upgrade.

In addition, keeping your car in pristine condition, both inside and out, extends its longevity and upholds its aesthetic appeal. This discipline in care reflects positively on the vehicle's maintenance history, a critical factor in assessing its resale value. By proactively maintaining your car, you protect the financial investment and ensure that your dream car remains a source of pride and satisfaction throughout your ownership experience.

Conclusion

Purchasing your dream car is an exciting prospect that requires careful financial planning and a keen understanding of what you can afford. We've covered the essential steps to budget wisely, considering the total cost of ownership, setting a realistic car buying budget, and saving diligently for that significant down payment.

Exploring different car loan options, understanding the influence of your credit score on loan terms, and navigating the application process smartly are all critical components in securing smart financing. Moreover, employing strategies such as choosing the right loan term and making more frequent repayments can lead to substantial savings and a quicker path to full car ownership.

Protecting your investment with the right insurance, understanding additional coverage options, and maintaining your car meticulously are just as integral to the financial aspect of car ownership. Each of these steps plays a vital role in ensuring that your aspiration doesn't turn into a financial burden.

The journey to driving your dream car off the lot doesn't have to be peppered with pitfalls. With the right approach to budgeting and financing, you can steer clear of common mistakes and make informed decisions that align with your financial goals. Take the wheel of your financial future and shift your dream car from a wish to a reality.

If you're ready to embark on this journey but need more guidance or assistance, don't hesitate to reach out to Financial Services Online. Our experts are here to help you navigate the complexities of car financing and ensure that you're armed with all the information you need to make informed financial decisions. Together, let's turn the key to success and drive confidently towards your dream car.

Published: Sunday, 24th Dec 2023
Author: Paige Estritori


Car Loans Articles

10 Car Finance Traps Every Australian Should Steer Clear Of 10 Car Finance Traps Every Australian Should Steer Clear Of
When it comes to financing a car, the importance of vigilance cannot be overstated. Navigating through the maze of loan offers and financial jargon can be overwhelming, making it all too easy to overlook critical details that could cost you dearly in the long run. - read more
A Step-by-Step Guide to Securing Your Pre-Approved Car Loan in Australia A Step-by-Step Guide to Securing Your Pre-Approved Car Loan in Australia
A pre-approved car loan is a financial agreement where a lender approves a borrower for a specific loan amount before the borrower selects a vehicle. This type of loan sets a clear budget, giving car buyers a defined spending limit while providing a streamlined and efficient car shopping experience. - read more
Choosing Between Long-Term and Short-Term Car Loans: What Australian Drivers Need to Know Choosing Between Long-Term and Short-Term Car Loans: What Australian Drivers Need to Know
When it comes to purchasing a car, one of the biggest decisions to make is choosing between a long-term and short-term car loan. Understanding car loans and their significance can make a substantial difference in your financial future. - read more
How to Build an Emergency Fund for Unexpected Car Costs How to Build an Emergency Fund for Unexpected Car Costs
Owning a car comes with a lot of responsibilities and unexpected expenses. From regular maintenance to surprise repairs, the costs can quickly add up and create financial stress. - read more
The Insider’s Guide to Haggling Your Way to an Affordable Car Loan The Insider’s Guide to Haggling Your Way to an Affordable Car Loan
Finding the perfect car is an exciting journey, but securing the right car loan to finance it is an equally critical step. Choosing a loan with favorable terms can make a substantial difference to your wallet and overall well-being. This introductory guide is designed to navigate the nuances of car loan negotiation, ensuring you drive off not just with the car of your dreams, but a loan that suits your lifestyle and financial goals. - read more
Comparing Car Loans: Insights for Australian Buyers to Make Smart Choices Comparing Car Loans: Insights for Australian Buyers to Make Smart Choices
Securing the keys to a new car is an exhilarating experience for any Australian buyer. However, before the rubber meets the road, making an informed decision about car financing is critical. The car loan landscape in Australia offers a variety of options, each with its unique benefits and challenges. Choosing the right car loan can significantly influence your financial well-being and drive your satisfaction with your purchase. - read more
How to Budget for Your Dream Car: Tips for Smart Financing How to Budget for Your Dream Car: Tips for Smart Financing
The anticipation of buying your dream car can be both exhilarating and daunting. It's a milestone that signifies personal success, a reward for hard work, and the freedom to explore the open road in a car that you truly adore. However, acquiring that dream vehicle is not merely about making a wish and waiting for it to come true; it requires smart financial planning and strategic decision-making. - read more
5 Essential Steps to Build a Strong Credit Profile for Car Financing 5 Essential Steps to Build a Strong Credit Profile for Car Financing
Building a strong credit profile is crucial when it comes to securing car financing. In today's financial landscape, your credit score can significantly impact the kind of loan offers you receive, making it more important than ever to maintain a healthy credit report. - read more
Car Loan Hidden Charges: What Australians Need to Watch Out For Car Loan Hidden Charges: What Australians Need to Watch Out For
Australians have a variety of car financing options at their disposal when the time comes to purchase a new vehicle. From dealer finance to personal loans and leasing agreements, the variety of choices can be both empowering and, at times, overwhelming. Opting for a car loan is a common route, giving buyers the ability to spread the cost of their new set of wheels over time. - read more
Navigating Your Credit Score: How It Affects Your Car Financing Options Navigating Your Credit Score: How It Affects Your Car Financing Options
Understanding your credit score is a key part of navigating the world of car financing. Whether you're looking to buy your first vehicle or you're an established buyer considering an upgrade, your credit score can significantly impact your financing options. In this section, we'll delve into why your credit score is so essential and provide a primer on how it's calculated. - read more
Car Financing 101: Protecting Your Credit While Seeking a Car Loan Car Financing 101: Protecting Your Credit While Seeking a Car Loan
Welcome to Car Financing 101: the essential guide to navigating the car loan landscape in Australia. Whether you're a first-time buyer or an experienced motorist looking to upgrade, understanding how to protect your credit while securing finance is crucial. As you embark on this journey, maintaining a steadfast grip on your credit health can be the difference between a deal that drives you forward and one that stalls progress. - read more
Understanding Loan Criteria: Tips for Australian Car Buyers Understanding Loan Criteria: Tips for Australian Car Buyers
Loan criteria refer to the set of standards and requirements that lenders use to evaluate the eligibility of an applicant for a car loan. These criteria help lenders determine the risk associated with lending money to a potential borrower. - read more
A Step-by-Step Guide to Securing Your Pre-Approved Car Loan in Australia A Step-by-Step Guide to Securing Your Pre-Approved Car Loan in Australia
A pre-approved car loan is a financial agreement where a lender approves a borrower for a specific loan amount before the borrower selects a vehicle. This type of loan sets a clear budget, giving car buyers a defined spending limit while providing a streamlined and efficient car shopping experience. - read more
Comparing Car Loans: Insights for Australian Buyers to Make Smart Choices Comparing Car Loans: Insights for Australian Buyers to Make Smart Choices
Securing the keys to a new car is an exhilarating experience for any Australian buyer. However, before the rubber meets the road, making an informed decision about car financing is critical. The car loan landscape in Australia offers a variety of options, each with its unique benefits and challenges. Choosing the right car loan can significantly influence your financial well-being and drive your satisfaction with your purchase. - read more

Finance News

Powerful Advice Platforms Set to Redefine Australian Financial Planning Powerful Advice Platforms Set to Redefine Australian Financial Planning
28 Mar 2025: Paige Estritori

Advice platforms are emerging as a transformative force in Australia's financial planning sector, according to insights shared at the Financial Newswire’s Advice, Wealth and Super: Rewired 2025 Conference. Industry leaders predict these platforms will leverage their substantial scale and purchasing power to secure better pricing from fund managers, reshaping the landscape of financial services. - read more
Sydney Beer Co's Financial Collapse Leaves $10 Million Debt Sydney Beer Co's Financial Collapse Leaves $10 Million Debt
28 Mar 2025: Paige Estritori

Brett Lee's Sydney Beer Co, co-owned with Matt Nable, faces financial turmoil, owing nearly $10 million to over 60 creditors. Even the Australian Taxation Office and the McGrath Foundation, founded by Lee's cricket teammate Glenn McGrath, are on the list of those affected. The company appointed RSM Australia as administrators following unsuccessful expansion efforts into the US just six months after raising $6 million. - read more
Cost of Financial Advice and Client Retention Challenges Revealed Cost of Financial Advice and Client Retention Challenges Revealed
27 Mar 2025: Paige Estritori

Recent findings by Netwealth indicate that the cost of financial advisory services is a significant factor for nearly half of clients discontinuing their adviser relationships. Specifically, 43% of former advised clients cite high costs as a primary concern, especially when they perceive inadequate value for complex financial situations. - read more
Monthly CPI Falls Short Again as Key Components Decline Monthly CPI Falls Short Again as Key Components Decline
26 Mar 2025: Paige Estritori

A recent release by the Australian Bureau of Statistics (ABS) indicates that the monthly Consumer Price Index (CPI) is underwhelming expectations once more. The seasonally adjusted CPI increased by 2.4%, while the CPI excluding volatile items like holiday travel posted a 2.7% rise. Similarly, the annual trimmed mean registered a 2.7% uptick. - read more
Value Seekers Fuel Melbourne's Property Price Resurgence Value Seekers Fuel Melbourne's Property Price Resurgence
25 Mar 2025: Paige Estritori

Melbourne's property market is experiencing a notable rebound in house prices, driven primarily by value-conscious buyers looking for more affordable options. According to CoreLogic's latest house price report, Melbourne has emerged as the most affordable major capital city in Australia, with a median home price of $772,561 as of February 28, 2025. - read more
Unexpected Unemployment Data Sparks RBA Rate Cut Speculation Unexpected Unemployment Data Sparks RBA Rate Cut Speculation
21 Mar 2025: Paige Estritori

The latest labour market statistics from the Australian Bureau of Statistics (ABS) presented a mixed picture, despite initial promising indicators. Although the headline unemployment rate in February remained steady at 4.1% (or 4.05% considering unrounded figures), there was an unexpected decline in employment numbers. - read more
OECD Warns of Sluggish Australian Economic Growth Amid Global Trade Concerns OECD Warns of Sluggish Australian Economic Growth Amid Global Trade Concerns
18 Mar 2025: Paige Estritori

The Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) has issued a warning about a potential slowdown in Australia's economic growth over the next two years. This prediction comes against the backdrop of heightened global uncertainty, spurred by trade policies introduced by US President Donald Trump. The OECD projects Australia’s GDP to rise to 1.9% in 2025 but slip slightly to 1.8% in 2026, falling short of earlier expectations laid out in their December report. - read more

Need Help Finding a Loan?
Get a free car loan eligibility assessment and compare offers tailored specifically to your circumstances.
Loan Amount:
Postcode:
All finance quotes are provided free (via our secure server) and without obligation.
We respect your privacy.

Knowledgebase
Mortgage Insurance:
Insurance that protects a lender in case a borrower defaults on their mortgage.